School & IEP

When you disagree

IDEA gives parents several formal options when they disagree with a school's decision. Most disputes are resolved before reaching a hearing.

Last verified: May 2026

The 30-second version

  • Put your disagreement in writing and request an IEP meeting — many issues resolve informally.
  • A state complaint is free, takes 60 days, and covers violations of IDEA.
  • Mediation is free, voluntary, and faster than due process.
  • Due process is the most formal option — and most disputes settle before a hearing.

Start informally

Most disagreements can be resolved by requesting an IEP meeting and putting your concerns in writing. Schools are required to consider parent input, and many disputes are resolved through direct communication. Contact your child's special education coordinator or principal first. Keep a written record of all conversations.

State complaint

You can file a complaint with your state education agency (SEA) if you believe the school has violated IDEA — for example, by failing to provide required services or conduct evaluations within required timelines. The SEA must investigate and respond within 60 days. State complaints are free and must be filed within one year of the violation. Your state PTI can help you understand when a state complaint is the right tool and how to file one.

Mediation

Mediation is a voluntary process in which a neutral, trained mediator helps both sides reach agreement. It is free under IDEA, typically faster than due process, and confidential. Either party can request mediation, but both must agree to participate. Agreements reached in mediation are legally binding.

Due process

A due process hearing is a formal proceeding before an impartial hearing officer. Either party can request a hearing to resolve disputes about evaluation, eligibility, placement, or the provision of FAPE. The process involves timelines, legal standards, and the presentation of evidence. Most due process cases settle before a hearing takes place. This is the most complex and time-consuming option — contact your state PTI or an education attorney before initiating.

Dispute steps checklist

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Who helps with this?

The law

Federal

IDEA Part B provides procedural safeguards including the right to mediation and due process hearings.

The system

Your state

Your state PTI can explain your dispute options and help you navigate the process at no cost.

Add your location above to see state-specific resources.

The people

Your area

Independent educational advocates and education attorneys specialize in IDEA disputes.

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What to do next

Primary sources — verify directly